Biomedical Research

Background: Biological systems exhibit non-linear and spatiotemporal dynamics and structures even at rest. Humans demonstrate a remarkable ability to generate accurate and appropriate motor behaviour under many different and often uncertain environmental conditions. There are many motor movement tasks like eye open and close conditions, hand movements, fist movement etc. Brain controls all motor movement tasks. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a technique used to quantify the dynamics of physiological systems using non-invasive physiological monitoring and clinical investigation. The mental simulation of motor related tasks such as opening and closing of eye, left and right fist and fingers and other motor executive brain regions are commonly cognitive nature of tasks requires analysis using EEG motor movements.

Methods: To quantify and understand the dynamics of EEG motor movements tasks, we employed robust Multiscale Permutation Entropy (MPE) analysis technique to distinguish Eye Open (EO) and Eye-Closed (EC) conditions. Mann-Whitney rank test was used to find significant differences between the groups and result were considered statistically significant for p-values<0.05. The Receive Operator Curve (ROC) was also computed to find the degree of separation between the groups.

Results: The finding reveals that that frontal electrodes (F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8) and front polar electrodes gives the highest separations and significant results to distinguish the EEG Motor movements tasks between eye open and eye closed tasks. The parietal (P3, P4), occipital (O1, O2) and central (C3, C4) electrodes gives only significant results at various temporal scales. The extremely significant results were obtained at F5, Fp1 followed by F1, F4, Fp2, F6 and F7. It was also found that frontal electrodes give the highest significance results followed by parietal, occipital and central electrodes which imply that these regions accordingly will help to distinguish these conditions from EEG motor movement tasks. MPE give higher significance results and separation at all selected electrodes than MSE to discriminate the brain states during EC and EO during the motor movement/imaginary tasks.

Author(s): Lal Hussain, Wajid Aziz, Sharjil Saeed, Saeed Arif Shah, Malik Sajjad A Nadeem, Imtiaz Ahmed Awan, Ali Abbas, Abdul Majid, Syed Zaki Hassan Kazmi
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