Biomedical Research

Background/objectives: Scientific evidence regarding the effects of chronic periodontitis on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2M) is fragmentary and not definitive. This intervention study was designed to evaluate the effects of a Non-Surgical Procedure (NSP) in addition to a surgical procedure on systemic inflammation and glycaemic control in patients with T2M and periodontitis and Non-Diabetic (ND) patients with periodontitis.

Material and Methods: A total of 100 patients with diabetes were randomly allocated to a treatment group and a control group. At least one tooth was extracted from each patient. After extraction, the control group (n=50) did not receive any other treatment until the 3-month follow-up. Patients in the treatment group (n=50) received Full-Mouth Scaling and Root Planing (FM-SRP).The Mean Probing Depth (MPD), Mean Attachment Level (MAL), Plaque Index (PI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), fasting blood samples for the measurement of high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured or taken at baseline and 3 months after treatment. To investigate the effect of diabetes on the therapeutic procedure’s outcome, ND patients with periodontitis (n=60) were divided into two equal groups and subjected to the same procedures and analysis.

Results: HbA1c and hs-CRP decreased significantly in the diabetic groups and decreased more markedly when FM-SRP was added to tooth extraction (P<0.001). For ND patients, all of the examined periodontal parameters were in favor of the combination therapy (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Non-surgical periodontal treatment can help improve the outcome of surgical periodontal procedures by reducing systemic inflammatory status and improve glucose metabolism.

Author(s): Dashnor Bukleta, Shaip Krasniqi, Giangiacomo Beretta, Armond Daci, Arb Nila, Teuta Komoni, Manushaqe Selmani, Brikene Elshani, Rok Schara
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